An Overview of Remote System for Geographical Information Decision Support in Paddy Plantation-Juniper publishers

 

Journal of Agriculture Research- Juniper Publishers


 Agriculture is a concept of science and knowledge that being applied to solve the need of people for food requirement. Precision farming is a way of agricultural production that involve the latest technologies where the application of seed, fertilizer supply, spraying and others has taken place based on the situation on the field. The aim of these studies is to create a map to display the spatial data and it attributes data by using the ArcMap software to help in making a better decision making. Using ArcGIS can help the farmers know in field before do something at area. The geographic information system (GIS) created can help in generating different view on our field such as the water table, soil nutrient content, soil pH and other [1]. By using this software, readers know how to identify the plantation zone and the feature inside the plantation zone. This studied was done by locating a specific point at paddy field in Merlimau. The geographical coordinates of each location in this study were recorded by using this device signal from satellite-based Global Positioning System. The data was converting in the ArcMap software to be analyzed after being recorded by the GPS [1]. The article provides an overview of Application of GIS and GPS in field. The result showed all data of waypoint and track in map with different layer containing the attributes.

Keywords: ArcMap; ArcGIS; GPS; Precision agriculture

Abbrevations: GIS: Geographic Information System; PA: Precision Agriculture; DSS: Decision Support System; GPS: Global Positioning System

Introduction

In the past, agriculture practice in developing countries have been involve a large amount input in the form of mechanization and the application of fertilizer and pesticides to improve the productivity of the farm [2]. Although it have been prove to can help in increasing the productivity of the farm but with the current technologies such as the remote sensing being applied in real life situation [3], it can help in reducing the wastage of pesticide and fertilizer application as it can detect the area that needed the more concentration based on the degree of damage or lack of nutrient content in the soil that lead the crop to produce low yield [4]. Using the information given by the remote sensing we can give more attention to the place by giving more pesticide or fertilizer or vice versa toward that area to help improving the problem.

Methodology

Remote sensing is the collection of process that include several methods such as acquire, prepare and decipher the information that being receive in the form of spectral on an object without being direct in contact with the object that being studied [5]. Nowadays, the application of remote sensing without many people realize can be found in numerous applications including photography, surveying, geology, forestry and many more. However, the large discovery can be found in the agriculture sector. In agriculture, remote sensing can be used to forecast the expected crop production and yield over a given area and determine how much of the crop will be able to predict the quantity of crop that will be produced in a given period of time. The integration of these technologies into a single system that allow the user to monitor the farm at precise level consist of the characteristic, geology and exploration in lowland agriculture can help in increasing the success of precision farming. The importance of precision farming also can be seen when being use in mountainous terrain compare to flat agricultural site as we can see the status of the location whether it is suitable for farming or not because of several factor such as nutrient contents, landslides, soil composition and others. Therefore in order to manage the agriculture at such small site specific crop areas it becomes very important to actually identify the each field location.

Precision farming or precision agriculture (PA) is a technology available for sustainable agricultural production, which enables farm management based on small-scales spatial variability of soil and crop parameter in the field [6]. The aim of Precision Agriculture is a better usage of resource and control mechanism so as to improve production efficiency, reduce input cost and environmental impact [7,8]. Mapping is the beginning in precision agriculture, yield and soil mapping are often the focus of PA discussion and activity, therefore yield and soil mapping must be accurate in order to get true measurement of variability and to establish the guidelines for PA in particular farm field [9-12].

ArcMAP Software (Figure 1-14)

Conclusion

In this modern day, the use of GIS and remote sensing have become the main solution that farmer use to solve their problem and it application have seen increasing every year varying from Decision Support system (DSS) on mapping, yield estimation, harvesting time, pest management and food security and safety. Nowadays, it becomes one of important technology that can share information and data online and based on real-time application compare to traditional stand-alone application. This advantage provides spatial data that can be used as references to millions of users. Thus, it can help public on making policy and making new strategy on precision farming. 



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